Most cold walls are not uninsulated. They are insulated with holes in it.
A wall that is cold in patches has voids: bays that were missed, fill that has settled, or material pushed aside around wiring and boxes. The fix is cheap once you know where they are, and guesswork is expensive, so the survey comes first — a borescope through small holes, and on a cold day a thermal read of the interior surface, which shows the void as a cold band.
Then the void is injected through the same access, plugged and made good.
Cold walls are not always an insulation problem. Air leaking in around a window frame, at the rim joist, or through an unsealed electrical box will make a well-insulated wall feel cold. If that is what we find, sealing is the cheaper and better answer and we will say so.
Interior surface temperature on a cold day, plus a borescope to confirm. We photograph both.
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